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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Riboflavin [Vitamin B ] (C H N O )
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The major function of riboflavin is to serve as a precursor of the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide
(FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). Synthesis of the coenzymes from riboflavin is
under the control of thyroid hormones. A deficiency of riboflavin impacts other vitamins because
flavin coenzymes are involved in their metabolism. These vitamins include folic acid, pyridoxine,
niacin, and vitamins K and D. Acute riboflavin deficiency in dogs and cats results in anorexia, body
weight loss, decreased activity, hypothermia, decreased respiratory rate, progressive weakness,
ataxia, sudden collapse to semicomatose state, and death. Chronic riboflavin deficiency has been
associated with anorexia, body weight loss, muscular weakness, flaking dermatitis of the abdomen
and medial surface of the hind legs, and ocular lesions (NRC, 2006).

TOXICOLOGY Toxicity for vitamin B has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic

2
doses. Oral LD of vitamin B is >10 g/kg of body weight in rats (NRC, 1987).
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50

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for riboflavin preparations. However, anticholinergic
INTERACTIONS drugs and probenecid may decrease riboflavin absorption. Riboflavin can affect the absorption of
tetracycline. Tricyclic antidepressants, phenothiazines, doxorubicin, and phenytoin may reduce
levels of riboflavin in the body. Methotrexate can inhibit the utilization of riboflavin (UMMC,
2012c).

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