Page 28 - product-manual

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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Withania somnifera

TOXICOLOGY Toxicity for Radix Withaniae has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic
doses. Oral LD for Radix Withaniae 50% ethanol extract is 1,000 mg/kg of body weight in rats (Williamson,
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2002).

Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: 20,000 mg PO of Radix Withaniae 50% ethanol extract.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat: 5,000 mg PO of Radix Withaniae 50% ethanol extract.

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Radix Withaniae preparations. Clinical interactions
INTERACTIONS with other drugs have not been reported. However, Radix Withaniae extract may potentiate the
sedative effects of barbiturates (Brinker, 2001).

Codonopsis pilosula (Codonopsis)

Radix Codonopsis is a popular and extensively used Chinese herb, sometimes referred to as poor
man’s ginseng. Working as an adaptogen, Radix Codonopsis enhances the body’s tolerability to
stress, reduces the level of adrenalin, increases endurance, and increases tolerance to anoxia. It
also dilates peripheral blood vessels, thus lowering high blood pressure. In experimental animal
studies, Radix Codonopsis prolonged the swimming time which was proportional to the dose
administered (Bensky & Gamble, 1993).

TOXICOLOGY Toxicity for Radix Codonopsis has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic
doses. Intraperitoneal LD for Radix Codonopsis is 79.21±3.60 g/kg of body weight in mice (Wang, 1983).
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Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: 1,600 g IP of Radix Codonopsis.
400 g IP of Radix Codonopsis.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat:

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Radix Codonopsis preparations. Clinical
INTERACTIONS interactions with other drugs have not been reported. However, Radix Codonopsis has an impact
on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of anticoagulants in rats. Concurrent administration
of Radix Codonopsis with digoxin may elevate serum digoxin concentration (Chen & Chen,
2004).

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