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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Schisandra chinensis (Chinese Magnoliavine)

Schisandrin B is a hepatoprotective ingredient isolated from Fructus Schisandrae, a traditional
Chinese herb clinically used to treat viral and chemical hepatitis (Chiu & Ko, 2004). Animal
studies have suggested that the mechanism of hepatoprotection of Fructus Schisandrae may
involve the enhancement of mitochondrial glutathione antioxidant status and is attributed to
schisandrin B (Chiu et al., 2003). Animal studies also suggest Fructus Schisandrae may protect
the liver from toxic damage, improve liver function, and stimulate liver cell regrowth (Bao et
al., 1980).

Note:
Schisandra chinensis is also an ingredient in Nephro-VM™. Schisandrol B, an active constituent of Fructus Schisandrae, enhances
renal mitochondrial antioxidant status.

Toxicity for Fructus Schisandrae has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in
TOXICOLOGY non-toxic, with an intragastric LD value of 35.63 ± 6.46 g/kg of body weight in mice (Pan et al., 2011).
therapeutic doses. Acute toxicity tests have shown that ethanol extract of Fructus Schisandrae is relatively
50
Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: 713 g IG of Fructus Schisandrae ethanol extract.
178 g IG of Fructus Schisandrae ethanol extract.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat:

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Fructus Schisandrae preparations. Clinical
INTERACTIONS interactions with other drugs have not been reported. However, Fructus Schisandrae has been shown
to inhibit CYP3A in an animal study (Lai et al., 2009) and may affect the intracellular concentration
of drugs metabolized by this enzyme.

Arctium lappa (Greater Burdock)

Radix Bardanae is one of the foremost detoxifying botanicals in both Chinese and Western herbal
medicine. The hepatoprotective mechanism of Radix Bardanae could be attributed, at least in
part, to its antioxidative activity, which decreases the oxidative stress on hepatocytes (Lin et
al., 2002). Arctigenin an active constituent of Radix Bardanae has demonstrated hepatoprotective
properties through anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the overproduction of nitric oxide
and through down-regulation of iNOS expression and iNOS enzymatic activity (Zhao et al.,
2009). In animal models, Radix Bardanae protected the liver from carbon tetrachloride- and
acetaminophen-induced damage through its antioxidant action by increasing glutathione and
decreasing malondialdehyde levels in hepatocytes (Lin et al., 2000).

8 | Hepato -VM TM