Page 37 - product-manual

TM/MC TM/MC
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Methylsulfonylmethane [MSM] (C H O S)
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Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), naturally occurring in green plants, fruits and vegetables, has
been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects (Amirshahrokhi et al., 2011). MSM
has been found to exert anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the release of nitric oxide
and prostaglandin E by alleviating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and
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cyclooxygenase-2 (Kim et al., 2009). In ulcerative colitis models, MSM demonstrated a protective
effect by reducing colonic levels of malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase and interleukin-1 beta.
In a prospective randomized clinical trial of human gonarthrosis, a combination of MSM and
boswellic acids from Gummi Boswellii demonstrated anti-inflammatory effect and reduced
patients need for anti-inflammatory drugs (Notamicola et al., 2011). In two other human clinical
trials, treatment with MSM showed improvement in pain in osteoarthritis (Brien et al., 2008).

TOXICOLOGY Toxicity for MSM has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic doses. In
rats, no adverse effects were observed with MSM after 2 g/kg of body weight daily dose. In a 90-day follow-up
study rats received daily MSM doses of 1.5 g/kg of body weight, and no changes were observed in terms of
symptoms, blood chemistry or gross pathology (Horváth et al., 2002).

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for MSM. Clinical interactions with other drugs have
INTERACTIONS not been reported.

Notopterygium incisum (Notopterygium)

Active constituents of Radix Notopterygii, phenethyl ferulate and falcarindiol have been found
to demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the activity of 5-lipoxygenase and
cyclooxygenase (Zschocke et al., 1997). Notopterol, a chemical constituent of Radix Notopterygii
has been identified as an analgesic. Notopterol has also been indicated as an anti-inflammatory
agent by its inhibitory effect in vascular permeability (Okuyama et al., 1993). In a human
24-week prospective, randomized, controlled trial, an herbal compound containing Radix
Notopterygii was found to improve morning stiffness, grip strength and joint tenderness in
rheumatoid arthritis patients (Chen et al., 2010).

2 | Antitis-VM TM