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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Phyllanthus emblica

Toxicity for Fructus Phyllanthi has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic
TOXICOLOGY weight in mice. The standardized aqueous extract of Fructus Phyllanthi, with an LD >5,000 mg/kg of body
doses. Single dose subcutaneous of 50% ethanol extract of Fructus Phyllanthi showed LD of 4.8 g/kg of body
50
50
weight was found to be non-toxic through acute exposure in rats (Jaijoy et al., 2010).

Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: 96 g SC of Fructus Phyllanthi 50% ethanol extract.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat: 24 g SC of Fructus Phyllanthi 50% ethanol extract.

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Fructus Phyllanthi preparations. Clinical interactions
INTERACTIONS with other drugs have not been reported. However, extracts of Fructus Phyllanthi has shown
synergistic effects with doxorubicin and cisplatin in vitro (Pinmai et al., 2008).

Ledebouriella divaricata (Siler)

In traditional Chinese medicine Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae is the herb of choice for body
aches and pain (Chen & Chen, 2004). The extract of Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae exhibits
anti-proliferative, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities (Taj & Cheung, 2007) and these
activities are attributed to the chemical constituents prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4’-O-β-D-
glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol (Xue et al. 2000). Administration of Radix Ledebouriellae
Divaricatae suppressed the development of type II collagen-induced arthritis in animal models
which may support the traditional use of Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae in treating human
rheumatoid arthritis (Wang et al., 1999).

Toxicity for Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered
TOXICOLOGY to mice is 37.18 ± 8.36 g/kg of body weight (Li, 2002).
orally in therapeutic doses. The oral LD for aqueous extracts of Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae administered
50

Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: 745 g PO of Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae aqueous extract.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat:
20 g PO of Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae aqueous extract.

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae preparations.
INTERACTIONS Clinical interactions with other drugs have not been reported.

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