Page 135 - product-manual

TM/MC TM/MC
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Quisqualis indica (Rangoon-creeper)

In traditional medicine, Fructus Quisqualis Indicae decoction is used as an antihelmintic to expel
parasitic worms. Animal studies have demonstrated that extracts of Fructus Quisqualis Indicae
expels Eimeria tenella oocyst (Youn & Noh, 2001). The active principle of Fructus Quisqualis
Indicae, potassium quisqualate, produced a strong paralyzing effect in Ascaris (Chang & But,
1987). In human clinical studies, Fructus Quisqualis Indicae extract was effective in treating
ascariasis and trichomoniasis (Chang & But, 1987; Chen & Chen, 2004).

Toxicity for Fructus Quisqualis Indicae has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in
therapeutic doses. However, with overdose at 26.6 g/kg of body weight of crude powder of Fructus Quisqualis
TOXICOLOGY (Chen & Chen, 2004). Oral LD for Fructus Quisqualis Indicae is >20 g/kg of body weight in rats (Chivapat et
Indicae in dogs, side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and gastrointestinal disturbances were observed
50
al., 1998).

Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: >400 g PO of Fructus Quisqualis Indicae.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat: >100 g PO of Fructus Quisqualis Indicae.

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Fructus Quisqualis Indicae preparations. Clinical
INTERACTIONS interactions with other drugs have not been reported.

Torreya grandis (Grand Torreya)

Semen Torreyae extract is one of the most important herbs for the treatment of parasites in
traditional Chinese medicine. It has been demonstrated to kill parasites and purge them from the
intestines. Semen Torreyae extract is effective against a broad spectrum of parasites including
roundworm (Ascaris), tapeworm (Taenia), hookworm (Ancylostoma and Uncinaria) and
pinworm (Enterobius). Extract of Semen Torreyae has demonstrated anti-parasitic effects
against tapeworm in cats. In human studies, Semen Torreyae extract has demonstrated a
significant effect in eliminating hookworms (Chen & Chen, 2004).

Toxicity for Semen Torreyae has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic
TOXICOLOGY > 2,500 mg/kg of body weight in mice (Saeed et al., 2010). 50
doses. Oral LD for Semen Torreyae is not documented. Intragastric LD for Folium Torreyae ethanol extract is
50

Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: >50,000 mg IG of Folium Torreyae ethanol extract.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat: >12,500 mg IG of Folium Torreyae ethanol extract.

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Semen Torreyae preparations. Clinical
INTERACTIONS interactions with other drugs have not been reported.

2 | Pelcid-VM TM