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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Areca catechu

TOXICOLOGY doses. The LD for oral ingestion of Semen Arecae in mice is 120 g/kg of body weight (Chen & Chen, 2004).
Toxicity for Semen Arecae has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic
50

Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: 2,400 g PO of Semen Arecae.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat: 600 g PO of Semen Arecae.

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Semen Arecae preparations. Clinical interactions
INTERACTIONS with other drugs have not been reported. However, arecoline an active constituent of Semen
Arecae may antagonize the anticholinergic action of procyclidine, causing extrapyramidal
symptoms (Deahl, 1989).

Cucurbita moschata (Cheese Pumpkin)

The United States Pharmacopoeia listed Semen Cucurbitae Moschatae as an official medicine
for eliminating parasites from 1863 until 1936, and this use was practiced by eclectic
physicians at the end of the 19th century. The Merck Index (1983) reports its therapeutic
category as anthelmintic. The anthelmintic properties of Semen Cucurbitae Moschatae are
attributed to the cyclic amino acid cucurbitin (3-amino-3-carboxypyrrolidine). Human trials
conducted in China have shown pumpkin seeds to be helpful for people with acute
schistosomiasis. Preliminary human research conducted in China and Russia has shown Semen
Cucurbitae Moschatae may also help resolve Taenia infestations (Bisset & Wichtl, 1994;
Bruneton, 1999). In canine tapeworms, alterations in helminthic motility, destruction of the
tegument involving the basal membrane in mature proglottids, and egg destruction in gravid
proglottids was observed (Díaz Obregón et al., 2004).

TOXICOLOGY Toxicity for Semen Cucurbitae Moschatae has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in
therapeutic doses. Oral LD for Semen Cucurbitae Moschatae is >5 g/kg of body weight in mice (EMEA, 2011).
50

Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: >100 g PO of Semen Cucurbitae Moschatae.
>25 g PO of Semen Cucurbitae Moschatae.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat:

DRUG Semen Cucurbitae Moschatae may potentiate the hypotensive effects of captopril and
INTERACTIONS felodipine (Zuhair et al., 2000).

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