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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Lipase

Lipase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of fats into fatty acids and glycerol. Lipases
are also involved in diverse biological processes such as cell signalling and inflammation
(Spiegel et al., 1996; Tjoelker et al., 1995). In a study, treatment of pancreatic deficiency
steatorrhoea in dogs with lipase showed a significant reduction in stool bulk and fat excretion
and was found to be a valuable therapy for dogs with pancreatic insufficiency (Griffin et al., 1989).

TOXICOLOGY Toxicity for lipase has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic doses. The

LD value for lipase has not been determined.
50

DRUG Tetrahydrolipstatin, an anti-obesity drug, interferes with the activity of lipase (McNeely &
INTERACTIONS Benfield, 1998). Tetrahydrolipstatin inhibits pancreatic lipase from several species,
including human (Hadváry et al., 1998).

Lactase

Lactase is a glycoside hydrolase involved in the hydrolysis of the disaccharide lactose into
constituent galactose and glucose monomers. The earliest studies on lactase activity in
mammals were published around the turn of the twentieth century. In 1903, it was found that
dogs have a very low lactase activity and therefore lactose remained unhydrolyzed, causing
diarrhoea (Sahi, 1994). Consumption of a high amount of milk or milk products can cause
digestive upsets in dogs. As in most mammals, the dog’s intestinal mucosa decreases lactase
activity as the dog reaches maturity. This change results in lactose maldigestion. Undigested
lactose is fermented by bacteria in the large intestines, resulting in the production of gas, loose
stools, and diarrhoea (Case, 2005).

TOXICOLOGY Toxicity for lactase has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic doses. The

LD value for lipase has not been determined.
50

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for lactase preparations. Clinical interactions
INTERACTIONS with other drugs have not been reported.

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