Page 157 - product-manual

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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES - TOXICOLOGY - DRUG INTERACTIONS

Arthrospira maxima (Spirulina)

Arthrospira maxima, with its high nutritional value, has been consumed as food. In animal
studies, Arthrospira maxima has been shown to increase the population of lactic acid bacteria
including Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus
acidophilus, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus (Belay, 2002). In gamma irradiation induced
hemopoietic system damage in dogs, Arthrospira maxima has been shown to increase the levels
of the white cells in blood and nucleated cells and DNA in bone marrow (Zhang et al., 2001).
In another study, Arthrospira maxima extract enhanced macrophage phagocytic function in cats
suggesting that dietary Arthrospira maxima supplementation may support the immune system
(Qureshi & Ali, 1996).

Toxicity for Arthrospira maxima has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in therapeutic
TOXICOLOGY LD of phycocyanin in rats and mice is >3 g/kg of body weight (Belay, 2002).
doses. Oral LD of Anthrospira platensis extract is > 6 g/kg of body weight in mice (Hutadilok et al., 2010). Oral
50
50
Equivalent toxic dose in 20 kg dog: >120 g PO of Anthrospira platensis extract.
Equivalent toxic dose in 5 kg cat:
>30 g PO of Anthrospira platensis extract.

DRUG Validated interactions studies do not exist for Arthrospira maxima preparations. Clinical
INTERACTIONS interactions with other drugs have not been reported.

Ulmus rubra (Slippery Elm)

Ulmi Rubrae Cortex is a demulcent which is an agent that forms a soothing film over mucous
membranes thus protecting irritated or inflamed tissue. Traditionally it has been used to soothe
irritation or ulceration of the stomach and intestines. Ulmi Rubrae Cortex has been used as an
ethnoveterinary medicine to treat endoparasites and stomach problems in pigs and pets. It has
been reported that Ulmi Rubrae Cortex has mid to high-level validity for its ethnoveterinary use
in treating endoparasites in animals (Lans et al., 2007).

Toxicity for Ulmi Rubrae Cortex has not been documented in dogs and cats when administered orally in
TOXICOLOGY 50
therapeutic doses. The LD value for Ulmi Rubrae Cortex has not been determined.

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